Humanelaw

Political rights together with civil rights are referred as first generation rights. It ensures that everyone can participate in civil and political life of the state without any repression or discrimination. Political rights are a type of rights that protects individual from unprovoked action by government and private organizations.
Political rights consist of procedural fairness (natural justice) in law, such as the right to a fair trial, the rights of the accused; the right to seek legal remedy; due process; and rights of participation in politics and civil society such as the right to assemble, freedom of association, the right to vote and the right to petition.

Civil rights comprises people's physical safety and integrity; protection from discrimination in terms of gender, color, religion, physical or mental disability, nationality, race, sexual orientation, age, and individual rights such as the freedoms of speech and expression, religion, thought and ethics, and movement.
The civil and political rights are recognized by the UDHR (Universal Declaration of Human Rights) and by the ICESCR (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights).

The essential provisions written for this law are :

1. According to Articles from 6 to 8, everyone has right to freedom from arbitrary torture, execution, and slavery.
2. Article 9 focuses on liberty and security of the person, in the form of freedom from illogical detention and arrest.
3. Article from 10 to 16 focuses on the presumption of innocence, recognition as a person before the law, procedural fairness in law, and in the form of rights to due process.
4. According to Article 25, everyone has right to join a political party and the right to vote.

Political rights need to be protected, although most democracies worldwide do have formal written guarantees of political and civil rights. These rights are often called as natural rights or constitutional rights